The answer is using the sizeof operator.
The important thing is that sizeof always returns the number of bytes of the operand regardless it is an array or a basic type. So to get the number of elements in an array, you should use the code below:
int a[]={1,2,3,4,5}; int n=sizeof(a)/sizeof(a[0]);
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Since C++17 you can simply use std::size(a)
You also have std::array (C++11) that is a recommended replacement to C arrays.